英语口译及笔译过程中语法错误注意点

语法的错误是在学习英语的过程中常常遇到的事情，特别是在翻译的过程中。在读外国书籍的过程中，我们很多的时候不是关注它的语法，而是关注它词汇、语言的润色、俚语及口语的掌握，容易忽视的就是语法，语法的学习是学习好英语必须要掌握的。试想一下，如果你在说英语的过程中，语法用错的话，就会导致整个语意的变化，一些小的场合可能无关紧要，如果是在一个重要的会谈场合，一句错误的语就有可能导致整个会谈的不愉快结束，从而没有达成合作的关系。

上面说到的是口语，其实在做笔译的过程中也是如此，大家可以设想一下，一篇语法上漏洞百出、严重影响表达的译文怎么会有好的语言的表述呢？如果因为语言上的错误而导致严重的后果，那将是得不偿失的，因此，认清各种各样的语法错误，尽可能地避免犯错误。

可以举一些例子供大家参考一下：

第一、句子成分残缺不全

We always working till late at night before taking exams.(误)

We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正)

We should read books may be useful to us. (误)

We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)

第二、句子成分多余

This test is end， but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)

One test ends， but another is waiting for you. (正)

The driver of the red car was died on the spot. (误)

The driver of the red car died on the spot. (正)

第三、主谓不一致

Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. (误)

Some think that reading should be selective. (正)

My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误)

My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)

第四、动词时态、语态的误用

I was walking along the road， and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)

I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)

We have little time to read some books which we interest. (误)

We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正)

I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. (误)

I have been studying in the college for two years(正)

第五、词类混淆

It is my point that reading must be selectively. (误)

In my opinion， reading must be selective. (正)

Honest is so important for every person. (误)

Honesty is so important for everyone. (正)

The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. (误)

The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. (正)

第六、名词可数与不可数的误用

Too much tests are disadvantage for students’ study. (误)

Too many tests are disadvantageous to students. (正)

In modern society， people are under various pressures(误)

In modern society， people are under various kinds of pressure. (正)

第七、动词及物与不及物的误用

The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (误)

The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. (正)

Because of his excellent performance， the boss rose his salary. (误)

Because of his excellent performance， the boss raised his salary. (正)

第八、介词to和不定式符号的混淆

Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. (误)

Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. (正)

All these contributed to solve the serious problem. (误)

All these contributed to the solution to the serious problem. (正)

第九、情态动词的误用

It may not good to our health. (误)

It may be not good to our health. (正)

They should spent much time. (误)

They should spend much time. (正)

第十、There be句型的误用

There exists some new problems such as being dishonest. (误)

There exist/arise some new problems such as being dishonest. (正)

There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college education. (误)

There are many ways to raise the money for the tuition and fees for college education. (正)